User:GNUtoo: Difference between revisions
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= | == Contributions == | ||
I've contributed to the following ports: | I've contributed to the following ports: | ||
* M4A785T-M: I've been the main person working on it. | * M4A785T-M: I've been the main person working on it. | ||
* Lenovo | * Lenovo X60: I've been working on the native GPU init, and various other improvements. | ||
* Lenovo | * Lenovo T60: I've been working on some improvements. | ||
* Alix 1.C: I've been working on some improvements. | * Alix 1.C: I've been working on some improvements. | ||
Interests: | |||
* 100% Free computers(Laptops, Desktops, Home Servers, routers). | |||
* Security | |||
** Secure boot trough GRUB with full disk encryption (no /boot in clear) | |||
** Protect against DMA and other attacks that have access to the x86 cpu's RAM. | |||
* Making it possible for end user to be able to use coreboot/libreboot: | |||
** Making it easy or scalable to install coreboot/libreboot. | |||
** Making it usable. | |||
* Making less risky to reflash, permitting users without an external programmer to easily reflash, and developers to develop anywhere without a huge setup consisting of another computer and the coreboot computer beeing worked on. I'm also interested in getting the cbmem logs written to flash to make debugging easier when no other computer is available(for instance while the developer is traveling to a conference). | |||
== Howtos == | == Howtos == | ||
Line 63: | Line 24: | ||
* run ifdtool on the extracted chip content | * run ifdtool on the extracted chip content | ||
* reflash the modified content | * reflash the modified content | ||
= X60/I945 native GPU init History = | |||
The Lenovo X60 GPU init has been merged a long time ago. | |||
Since then it has been rewriten/improved a lot by other people (See git log for more details). | |||
Thanks to all that work it's now a proper driver. | |||
So I've moved the X60 GPU init information in [[/X60_GPU_init|a subpage]] | |||
== Personal oppinions == | |||
=== Microcode === | |||
The issue about the CPU microcodes is that they are non-free, and under a license that is incompatible with coreboot's license. | |||
Practically speaking, I guess that if the microcode is in the cbfs(coreboot filesystem) instead of beeing integrated directly in coreboot, that would count as agrgate work and should be safe, but I'm not a lawyer(so ask a good one instead). | |||
The solution would then be to remove the microcodes from the coreboot repositories. | |||
(I guess that it would then end up in the blob repository instead which is a separate repository, and would then be included in the coreboot filesytem). | |||
Some people say that the microcode is the equivalent of having a more recent CPU, as a justification for using it. | |||
Though since Intel microcodes are encrypted and signed, its meaning is not public, therefore we can't really know what's inside, so people usually trust what the CPU vendor say about it, such as that it fixes some bugs(erratas for such bugs are published). | |||
My goal is to have a 100% free computer, and also to spread that code, so that other people can have a 100% free computer too. | |||
According to the FSF, and the FSF criterias for differenciating software from hardware, that microcode is software. | |||
So since they consider it as non-free, a coreboot image containing that microcode would not be considered free by the FSF. | |||
On my Lenovo x60, the microcode was easy to remove, and it worked fine, beside printing a scary kernel message pointing to an Intel errata. | |||
Practically speaking, after resuming(so after suspend to ram), the temperatures reading will not be updated, and the temperature overheat will not be reported. The hardware issues you may encounter will depend on your specific CPU, not the model, but instead the date at which it was manufactured. | |||
The result of it is that the FSF certified the gluglug's lenovo x60: gluglug removed the last microcodes(that were not used by the x60), sent that source code to the FSF, which certified it. | |||
So instead of debating trough huge flames aobut the fact that we should use, or not use the microcode, it was more effective to remove it. | |||
The benefit is the publicity arround that laptop that can be made 100% free software, which makes users aware of it and willing to switch to it. | |||
=== Yabel === | |||
Yabel is great for tracing what the GPU does. | |||
But the GPUs in the Lenovo x60 and t60 have a bar that gives access to the whole memory: | |||
Region 1: I/O ports at 50a0 [size=8] | |||
So using Yabel to prevent the VGA option rom from doing nasty tricks is probably not safe enough. | |||
I was told that many other GPU also have that issue. | |||
The way to fix that is to get rid of the proprietary VGA option rom. On some boards it's possible and coreboot has a replacement for it. On some other boards, the kernel can initialize the GPU with or without tricks. | |||
= For coreboot developers = | = For coreboot developers = | ||
Line 83: | Line 86: | ||
! Serial/output | ! Serial/output | ||
! flash recovery mecanism | ! flash recovery mecanism | ||
! My | ! My area of interest | ||
|- | |- | ||
| M4A785T-M | | M4A785T-M | ||
Line 93: | Line 96: | ||
| | | | ||
* I've been the main porter. | * I've been the main porter. | ||
* Usability improvements | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Lenovo X60 | | Lenovo X60 | ||
Line 102: | Line 106: | ||
| | | | ||
* Native GPU init | * Native GPU init | ||
* | * Secure boot with grub. | ||
* Usability improvements. | |||
|- | |||
| Lenovo X60T | |||
| | |||
* None tried yet | |||
* I've no compatbile dock | |||
| External programmer with pomona clip | |||
| | |||
* Native GPU init | |||
* Touchscreen support | |||
* Usability improvements. | |||
|- | |||
| Lenovo X200T | |||
| | |||
* None tried yet | |||
* I've no compatbile dock | |||
| I didn't flash it yet. | |||
| | |||
* Making it easier to flash. | |||
* Checking its security and freedom to see how it can compare to the Lenovo X60. | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Lenovo T60 | | Lenovo T60 | ||
| | | | ||
* Serial on the dock | |||
* USB debug | * USB debug | ||
* spkmodem(untried but should work) | * spkmodem(untried but should work) | ||
| External programmer with pomona clip(untried but should work) | | External programmer with pomona clip(untried but should work) | ||
| | | | ||
* | * Native GPU init | ||
* Usability improvements. | |||
|- | |- | ||
| Alix 1.C | | Alix 1.C | ||
Line 117: | Line 144: | ||
| Hot swap with the LPC dongle | | Hot swap with the LPC dongle | ||
| | | | ||
* | * Usability improvements. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| E350M1 | | E350M1 | ||
Line 127: | Line 154: | ||
* Swapping the flash chip | * Swapping the flash chip | ||
| | | | ||
* | * Powering off the GPU | ||
* Low noise home server use case | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== Mainboard/Devices not running coreboot (yet?) === | === Mainboard/Devices not running coreboot (yet?) === | ||
* HP nc6320 | * <s>HP nc6320</s> Not worth it. I don't have this laptop anymore. | ||
* Asus N71JQ | * Asus N71JQ | ||
Line 148: | Line 176: | ||
** a bug20 (omap3530) | ** a bug20 (omap3530) | ||
** a GTA04 A3 (DM370) | ** a GTA04 A3 (DM370) | ||
== My TODO list == | == My TODO list == | ||
Line 169: | Line 187: | ||
* Add cmos.default<s>(require disassembling the laptop for testing)</s> | * Add cmos.default<s>(require disassembling the laptop for testing)</s> | ||
* Add native graphics init(require waiting that Peter stuge push his part for review) | * Add native graphics init(require waiting that Peter stuge push his part for review) | ||
* Export reboot_bits in cmos | |||
=== X60 === | === X60 === | ||
* | * new fallback are pushed for review: Address the concerns. | ||
** I pushed the new and complete native GPU init on gitorious, Peter Stuge will work on merging it while I finish addressing the fallback comments. | ** <s>I pushed the new and complete native GPU init on gitorious, Peter Stuge will work on merging it while I finish addressing the fallback comments.</s> Merged, also improved a lot by Vladimir for instance. | ||
* fix the CPU microcode issue. | * fix the CPU microcode issue. | ||
* update http://www.coreboot.org/Thinkpad_X60s | * <s>update http://www.coreboot.org/Thinkpad_X60s</s> Has been taken care of by other people. | ||
* Create a Native graphics<->VGA option rom. | * <s>Create a Native graphics<->VGA option rom.</s> Kevin did one in SeaBIOS. | ||
* Make backlight work without the non-free option rom. | * <s>Make backlight work without the non-free option rom.</s> Now works, probably fixed by Vladimir. I've no idea why just writing to the backlight register didn't work before his work. | ||
==== Later ==== | ==== Later ==== | ||
* Improve the patch for SerialIce in order to get it merged. | * Improve the patch for SerialIce in order to get it merged. | ||
* SD detection fix for my X60 version. | * SD detection fix for my X60 version. | ||
* Hotkey patch to clean and merge. | * <s>Hotkey patch to clean and merge.</s> thinkpad_acpi loads nowadays. The patch was from Peter. | ||
=== Alix 1.C === | === Alix 1.C === | ||
* Add cbmem -c support | * <s>Add cbmem -c support</s> This is now generic. So it was fixed for free. | ||
* port the VSA to fasm? | * port the VSA to fasm? | ||
Line 191: | Line 210: | ||
* Find the USB debug port | * Find the USB debug port | ||
* Find how to extract the BIOS pieces from the BIOS region | * Find how to extract the BIOS pieces from the BIOS region | ||
== | ==== fallback improvements ==== | ||
= | All the patches necessary to make it work got merged but one: | ||
The remaining patch<ref>lenovo/x60: Require only one failed boot to switch to fallback in X86_BOOTBLOCK_NORMAL mode. | |||
</ref> add the following to the x60's Kconfig<ref>src/mainboard/lenovo/x60/Kconfig</ref>: | |||
config MAX_REBOOT_CNT | |||
int | |||
default 1 | |||
Another optional patch didn't get merged: | |||
* | * "Move set_boot_successful to drivers/pc80/mc146818rtc.c" | ||
* An old pushed topic branch can be found [http://review.coreboot.org/#/q/status:open+project:coreboot+branch:master+topic:falback-patches-v2,n,z in gerrit] | |||
===== References ===== | |||
<references/> | |||
==== Patches that need more work ==== | |||
* I use a deblob patch, instead the various microcode should be moved out of coreboot repository, they are inside headers. | |||
==== Infrastructure ==== | |||
* "Add grub.cfg" | |||
=== SerialICE === | |||
=== Flashrom === | |||
== Other == | |||
00:52 < phcoder-screen> GNUtoo-irssi: once you asked why upper 128bytes of cmos behave in strange way: you have to enable them in rcba | |||
=== To verify === | |||
* I have bad memory on this, but I was probably told by someone who talked to peter stuge, or by peter stuge that if you blank the flash chip holding the BIOS, in an X61, power off the computer and power it on again, an IPV6 packet would come out of the (wired) NIC. This was due to AMT, which is on the NIC (X61 is old, and at that time AMT was on the intel ethernet NICs). | |||
** Once verified, the goal would be to reproduce that on an x200: | |||
*** blank the BIOS flash chip, power off the computer, boot it. | |||
*** observe an ipv6 packet | |||
*** blank the NIC flash chip that holds its fimrware | |||
*** hopefully observe no ipv6 packet | |||
*** reflash coreboot inisde the BIOS flash chip | |||
=> That may be able to produce a test case for knowing if the AMT firmware of the NIC was gone or not, but it does requires external reflashing. Would that be enough to be sure about the intel NIC of the laptops with a similar chipset? | |||
== Sandbox == |
Revision as of 22:48, 17 January 2015
Contributions
I've contributed to the following ports:
- M4A785T-M: I've been the main person working on it.
- Lenovo X60: I've been working on the native GPU init, and various other improvements.
- Lenovo T60: I've been working on some improvements.
- Alix 1.C: I've been working on some improvements.
Interests:
- 100% Free computers(Laptops, Desktops, Home Servers, routers).
- Security
- Secure boot trough GRUB with full disk encryption (no /boot in clear)
- Protect against DMA and other attacks that have access to the x86 cpu's RAM.
- Making it possible for end user to be able to use coreboot/libreboot:
- Making it easy or scalable to install coreboot/libreboot.
- Making it usable.
- Making less risky to reflash, permitting users without an external programmer to easily reflash, and developers to develop anywhere without a huge setup consisting of another computer and the coreboot computer beeing worked on. I'm also interested in getting the cbmem logs written to flash to make debugging easier when no other computer is available(for instance while the developer is traveling to a conference).
Howtos
make recent intel BIOS flash writable and/or extract its pieces
Coreboot has an uttility in util/ifdtool for that.
- power off the laptop totally (remove the power, the battery etc...)
- connect an external programmer to the BIOS flash chip.
- dump the chip content with flashrom and that external programmer.
- run ifdtool on the extracted chip content
- reflash the modified content
X60/I945 native GPU init History
The Lenovo X60 GPU init has been merged a long time ago. Since then it has been rewriten/improved a lot by other people (See git log for more details). Thanks to all that work it's now a proper driver.
So I've moved the X60 GPU init information in a subpage
Personal oppinions
Microcode
The issue about the CPU microcodes is that they are non-free, and under a license that is incompatible with coreboot's license.
Practically speaking, I guess that if the microcode is in the cbfs(coreboot filesystem) instead of beeing integrated directly in coreboot, that would count as agrgate work and should be safe, but I'm not a lawyer(so ask a good one instead). The solution would then be to remove the microcodes from the coreboot repositories.
(I guess that it would then end up in the blob repository instead which is a separate repository, and would then be included in the coreboot filesytem).
Some people say that the microcode is the equivalent of having a more recent CPU, as a justification for using it. Though since Intel microcodes are encrypted and signed, its meaning is not public, therefore we can't really know what's inside, so people usually trust what the CPU vendor say about it, such as that it fixes some bugs(erratas for such bugs are published).
My goal is to have a 100% free computer, and also to spread that code, so that other people can have a 100% free computer too. According to the FSF, and the FSF criterias for differenciating software from hardware, that microcode is software. So since they consider it as non-free, a coreboot image containing that microcode would not be considered free by the FSF.
On my Lenovo x60, the microcode was easy to remove, and it worked fine, beside printing a scary kernel message pointing to an Intel errata. Practically speaking, after resuming(so after suspend to ram), the temperatures reading will not be updated, and the temperature overheat will not be reported. The hardware issues you may encounter will depend on your specific CPU, not the model, but instead the date at which it was manufactured.
The result of it is that the FSF certified the gluglug's lenovo x60: gluglug removed the last microcodes(that were not used by the x60), sent that source code to the FSF, which certified it. So instead of debating trough huge flames aobut the fact that we should use, or not use the microcode, it was more effective to remove it. The benefit is the publicity arround that laptop that can be made 100% free software, which makes users aware of it and willing to switch to it.
Yabel
Yabel is great for tracing what the GPU does.
But the GPUs in the Lenovo x60 and t60 have a bar that gives access to the whole memory:
Region 1: I/O ports at 50a0 [size=8]
So using Yabel to prevent the VGA option rom from doing nasty tricks is probably not safe enough.
I was told that many other GPU also have that issue.
The way to fix that is to get rid of the proprietary VGA option rom. On some boards it's possible and coreboot has a replacement for it. On some other boards, the kernel can initialize the GPU with or without tricks.
For coreboot developers
This section is mainly usefull for finding informations for:
- Asking me to test some code (that's why I listed all my hardware).
- Find my work in progress code.
- Find legacy code.
- Find what I'm interested in working on:
- If you want to work on the same thing than me, you could contact me if you want so:
- I could help if I have time.
- I could test if I have time.
- I may have some pointers.
- If you want to work on the same thing than me, you could contact me if you want so:
- HOWTO that documents how to do a native VGA init for the Lenovo x60:
- It probably applies to the Lenovo t60 that have an Intel GPU, with no or very minor modifications.
Hardware
Mainboard/Devices running coreboot
Device/Mainboard | Serial/output | flash recovery mecanism | My area of interest |
---|---|---|---|
M4A785T-M |
|
|
|
Lenovo X60 |
|
External programmer with pomona clip |
|
Lenovo X60T |
|
External programmer with pomona clip |
|
Lenovo X200T |
|
I didn't flash it yet. |
|
Lenovo T60 |
|
External programmer with pomona clip(untried but should work) |
|
Alix 1.C |
|
Hot swap with the LPC dongle |
|
E350M1 |
|
|
|
Mainboard/Devices not running coreboot (yet?)
HP nc6320Not worth it. I don't have this laptop anymore.- Asus N71JQ
Note that they will probably never run coreboot, as I don't think they're worth the time.
Debugging tools
- External programmers :
- Arduino duemillanove (serprog based)
- Arduino uno (serprog based)
- openmoko debug board (FTDI based)
- bug20 (linux_spi)
- A pomona clip
- a null-modem serial cable and 2 USB<->Serial adapters
- USB debug compatible devices:
- a bug20 (omap3530)
- a GTA04 A3 (DM370)
My TODO list
See also TODO of the respectives machines on their dedicated wiki page.
All machines
Add a working and easily usable normal/fallback selection.pushed for review- Port a logging mecanism from chromebooks to all devices in order to be able to retrive the log of the failed boot at the next reboot.
T60
Find out why the machine hang when the power supply is removed(only does it when the linux kernel is started)Fixed by ./nvramtool -w first_battery=Primary- Add cmos.default
(require disassembling the laptop for testing) - Add native graphics init(require waiting that Peter stuge push his part for review)
- Export reboot_bits in cmos
X60
- new fallback are pushed for review: Address the concerns.
I pushed the new and complete native GPU init on gitorious, Peter Stuge will work on merging it while I finish addressing the fallback comments.Merged, also improved a lot by Vladimir for instance.
- fix the CPU microcode issue.
update http://www.coreboot.org/Thinkpad_X60sHas been taken care of by other people.Create a Native graphics<->VGA option rom.Kevin did one in SeaBIOS.Make backlight work without the non-free option rom.Now works, probably fixed by Vladimir. I've no idea why just writing to the backlight register didn't work before his work.
Later
- Improve the patch for SerialIce in order to get it merged.
- SD detection fix for my X60 version.
Hotkey patch to clean and merge.thinkpad_acpi loads nowadays. The patch was from Peter.
Alix 1.C
Add cbmem -c supportThis is now generic. So it was fixed for free.- port the VSA to fasm?
Asus N71JQ
Probably not worth it...
- Find the USB debug port
- Find how to extract the BIOS pieces from the BIOS region
fallback improvements
All the patches necessary to make it work got merged but one:
The remaining patch<ref>lenovo/x60: Require only one failed boot to switch to fallback in X86_BOOTBLOCK_NORMAL mode. </ref> add the following to the x60's Kconfig<ref>src/mainboard/lenovo/x60/Kconfig</ref>:
config MAX_REBOOT_CNT int default 1
Another optional patch didn't get merged:
- "Move set_boot_successful to drivers/pc80/mc146818rtc.c"
- An old pushed topic branch can be found in gerrit
References
<references/>
Patches that need more work
- I use a deblob patch, instead the various microcode should be moved out of coreboot repository, they are inside headers.
Infrastructure
- "Add grub.cfg"
SerialICE
Flashrom
Other
00:52 < phcoder-screen> GNUtoo-irssi: once you asked why upper 128bytes of cmos behave in strange way: you have to enable them in rcba
To verify
- I have bad memory on this, but I was probably told by someone who talked to peter stuge, or by peter stuge that if you blank the flash chip holding the BIOS, in an X61, power off the computer and power it on again, an IPV6 packet would come out of the (wired) NIC. This was due to AMT, which is on the NIC (X61 is old, and at that time AMT was on the intel ethernet NICs).
- Once verified, the goal would be to reproduce that on an x200:
- blank the BIOS flash chip, power off the computer, boot it.
- observe an ipv6 packet
- blank the NIC flash chip that holds its fimrware
- hopefully observe no ipv6 packet
- reflash coreboot inisde the BIOS flash chip
- Once verified, the goal would be to reproduce that on an x200:
=> That may be able to produce a test case for knowing if the AMT firmware of the NIC was gone or not, but it does requires external reflashing. Would that be enough to be sure about the intel NIC of the laptops with a similar chipset?